Question: Assess the view that heterosexuality is no longer compulsory and institutionalised in today’s society. Compare the situation in two countries and use one or two theoretical perspectives introduced in this module to support your argument.

Expert answer

In Western societies, heterosexuality has long been seen as the norm. It is only in recent years that alternative sexualities have begun to be more widely accepted. This shift can be attributed to a number of factors, including the rise of the gay rights movement and the growing visibility of queer communities in the media.

There is no doubt that heterosexuality is still the dominant form of sexuality in most countries around the world. However, it is no longer as compulsory or institutionalised as it once was. In many developed nations, same-sex relationships are now legally recognised and protected. Queer people are also increasingly visible in popular culture, with shows like "Queer Eye" and "RuPaul's Drag Race" introducing mainstream audiences to non-heterosexual lifestyles.

While progress has been made in recent years, it is important to remember that not all countries are as accepting of alternative sexualities. In many parts of the world, queer people still face discrimination, violence, and even imprisonment. For example, homosexuality is illegal in over 70 countries around the world.

When comparing the situation of queer people in different countries, it is clear that there is still a long way to go before full equality is achieved. However, the increasing visibility and acceptance of alternative sexualities suggests that we are moving in the right direction.

Theories such as Social Constructionism and Queer Theory can help us to understand the changing nature of sexuality in today's society. Social Constructionism emphasises the role of culture and society in shaping our individual identities. Queer Theory challenges traditional ideas about sexuality, gender, and power.

Both of these perspectives can be used to explain the growing acceptance of alternative sexualities in Western societies. As more people become aware of the fluidity of human sexuality, traditional concepts of "normal" and "abnormal" are being challenged. This is leading to a more tolerant attitude towards non-heterosexual lifestyles.

While there is still much work to be done, the increasing visibility of queer people in popular culture suggests that attitudes are slowly changing for the better. With time, it is hoped that full equality will be achieved for all members of the LGBTQIA+ community worldwide.