Which of the four main divisions of philosophy interests you the most? What philosophical questions listed below would you most want to have answers to and why?
Which of the four main divisions of philosophy interests you the most? What philosophical questions listed below would you most want to have answers to and why?
Metaphysics: Does the world consist only of matter, or is it made up of other basic things, such as ideas or mind? Is there a spiritual, ideal realm that exists beyond the material world? Is the mind the same thing as the body? How are mind and body related? Do people have immortal souls? Do humans have free will, or are our actions determined by forces beyond our control? Can actions be both free and deter-mined? Does God exist? How can both a good God and evil exist simultaneously? What is the nature of causality? Can an effect ever precede its cause? What is the nature of time? Is time travel possible?
Epistemology: What is knowledge? What is truth? Is knowledge possible—can we ever know any-thing? Does knowledge require certainty? What are the sources of knowledge? Is experience a source of knowledge? Is mysticism or faith a source? Can we gain knowledge of the empirical world through reason alone? If we have knowledge, how much do we have? When are we justified in saying that we know something? Do we have good reasons to believe that the world exists independently of our minds? Or do our minds constitute reality?
Axiology: What makes an action right (or wrong)? What things are intrinsically good? What is the good life? What gives life meaning? What makes someone good (or bad)? What moral principles should guide our actions and choices? Which is the best moral theory? Is killing ever morally permissible? If so, why? Are moral standards objective or subjective? Is an action right merely because a culture endorses it? Does morality depend on God? What makes a society just?
Logic: What are the rules for drawing correct inferences? What are the nature and struc-ture of deductive arguments? How can propositional or predicate logic be used to evaluate arguments? Upon what logical principles does reasoning depend? Does logic describe how the world is—or just how our minds work? Can conclusions reached through inductive logic be rationally justified?
Please, explain your answer and give reasons for your views. You should cite the textbook and use brief quotations and summaries from the textbook in your response.
Book: Philosophy Here and Now: Powerful Ideas in Everyday Life
Edition: Third (3rd)
Author: Lewis Vaughn
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Copyright: 2018
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