- Discussion Questions: Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein (1818)
- Who is the actual monster in Frankenstein?
- Why did Victor create the creature? What responsibilities did Victor, as the creator, have toward his creature? Why did Victor abandon the creature?
- One of the novel’s tragedies is the inability of characters to recognize the humanity of the creature. What qualities make us human? Which of these qualities does the creature possess? What qualities does he not have?
- To what extent is the novel “enlightened” and/or “romantic?”
- Discussion Questions
- Define Nation?
- Did the Revolutions of 1848 fail?
- The nation-state emerged as a dominant universal faith for society as a result of the naked use of force. Evaluate this statement?
- Discussion Questions
- Why did the Holocaust take place?
- Was the path to the “Final Solution” crooked or straight?
- Discussion Questions
- What factors accounted for the Nazi rise to power?
- Is Nazism an ideology of the right or left?
- Discussion Question
Stalinism epitomized a betrayal of Bolshevik revolutionary ideals. Agree or disagree?
26. Discussion Questions
- The Russian Revolution merely represented a coup d’etat by a conspiratorial minority radical group. Evaluate this statement?
- The First World War was necessary for the Russian Revolution to take place. Agree or disagree?
- What accounted for Bolshevik victory in the Civil War?
25. Discussion Questions
- The Russian Revolution merely represented a coup d’etat by a conspiratorial minority radical group. Evaluate this statement?
- The First World War was necessary for the Russian Revolution to take place. Agree or disagree?
- What accounted for Bolshevik victory in the Civil War?
13. Discussion Questions
- What were the principal goals of the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815), and how did they reflect conservative ideas?
- Compare and contrast Burke’s view of the English and French Revolutions?
- How did Burke’s analysis of the Revolution turn out to be correct? What are the errors of Burke’s analysis of the Revolution?
- Discussion Questions
- What particular challenges did the rise of cities pose? How did Europeans address them?
- Define the middle-class? How do they differ from the working-class?
- Discussion Questions
- What is Engels’s view of pre-industrial Europe?
- What is his view of the Industrial Revolution?
- How did socialists evaluate the French and Industrial Revolutions?
23. Discussion Questions
- Why did trench warfare on the western front result in a bloody stalemate?
- How&A were breakthroughs in trench warfare achieved?

