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Question: How did the Congress of Vienna in 1815 contribute to the European nationalist movements of the 1840's?

04 Oct 2022,2:15 PM

 

How did the Congress of Vienna in 1815 contribute to the European nationalist movements of the 1840's?

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Expert answer

 

The Congress of Vienna in 1815 was a major factor in the development of European nationalist movements in the 1840s. The congress was convened in the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars, and its primary purpose was to redraw the political map of Europe. The congress also sought to restore the balance of power between the major European states and prevent future wars.

 

One of the most important outcomes of the Congress of Vienna was the creation of several new nation-states, including Belgium, Netherlands, Switzerland, and Italy. This had a significant impact on the development of nationalism across Europe. Prior to the Congress of Vienna, most Europeans identified primarily with their local region or city. However, the creation of new nation-states gave people a larger sense of identity and pride.

 

In addition, the Congress of Vienna significantly reduced the power of the Holy Roman Empire. This had a profound impact on German nationalism. Prior to 1815, Germans were divided into hundreds of small states. However, after the Congress of Vienna, the number of German states was reduced to just 39. This created a sense of unity among Germans and helped spur the development of German nationalism in the 1840s.

 

Finally, the Congress of Vienna legitimized the concept of popular sovereignty. This is the idea that governments derive their power from the consent of the people they govern. This concept was previously only spoken about by philosophers and thinkers. However, at the Congress of Vienna, it was enshrined in European law.

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