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Question: What are the purposes of and differences between presumptive and confirmatory testing?

10 Oct 2022,9:55 PM

 

Introduction to Forensic Chemistry

 

  1. Describe the Frye, Daubert, and Kumho Standards

 

  1. Describe Chain of Custody, its purpose and importance

 

  1. What are the purposes of and differences between presumptive and confirmatory testing?

 

  1. Why is it important for forensic scientists to follow a Code of Ethics / Code of Conduct?

 

 

Lab Quality and Accreditation

 

  1. What is ANAB and what is its main purpose and aims?
  2. Describe the importance of accreditation – what it means, why it exists, why it is important
  3. According to ISO, what are the requirements of laboratory and management personnel?
  4. Describe the following SWGDRUG recommendations:
    • Categories of testing – what are the differences between Category A, B, and C tests? Why are they categorized as such?
    • Proficiency and Competency testing
    • Maintaining the integrity of evidence and proper storage
    • Measurement uncertainty

 

UV-Vis Spectroscopy

 

  1. Describe the basic principle of UV-Vis spectroscopy
  2. Describe the relevance of UV-Vis to forensic chemistry
  3. What SWGDRUG category of testing does UV-Vis fall into?
  4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of UV-Vis?

 

FT-IR and ATR Spectroscopy

  1. Describe the basic principle of FT-IR spectroscopy
  2. Describe how FT-IR allows for the differentiation between salt forms of different molecules, for example Cocaine and its salt forms and Fentanyl and its salt forms (Include Spectra in your answer)
  3. Describe basic differences between transmission and reflectance FT-IR
  4. Describe the relevance of FT-IR to forensic chemistry
  5. What SWGDRUG category of testing does FT-IR fall into?
  6. What are the advantages of FT-IR over other methods?

 

Sampling Plans

  1. Describe differences between gross weights and net weights
  2. Describe differences between Non-statistical and Statistical sampling plans
    1. What are the disadvantages of Non-Statistical sampling plans?
    2. What are the advantages of Statistical sampling plans?
  3. Describe briefly the principle of uncertainty of measurement
  4. Using the ENFSI calculator, input the following criteria:
    • Population Size: 240 samples
    • Proportion of Positives: 0.90
    • Expected Number of Negatives: 0
    • Confidence Level: 0.95
      • NOW, determine the following
        • The number of representative samples required for testing
        • Determine the new confidence level when 1 negative is identified
        • Determine the new confidence level when 2 negatives is identified
        • Determine the number of representative samples required for testing at the 0.99 confidence level

Expert answer

 

Presumptive testing is a preliminary test that is done to identify a substance. If the presumptive test is positive, then a confirmatory test will be done to verify the result. The confirmatory test is more specific and can determine the identity of the substance. purpose of presumptive testing is to quickly screen for the presence of a particular substance so that a confirmatory test can be performed if necessary. The purpose of confirmatory testing is to verify the results of a presumptive test and identify the specific substance.

 

There are many different types of presumptive tests, each of which can detect the presence of a specific substance. The most common type of presumptive test is the immunoassay, which uses antibodies to identify a particular substance. Other types of presumptive tests include chromatography, spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry.

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